Galileo Galilei :: essays research papers

Galileo was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. He was born in Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564. In the mid 1570’s, he and his family moved to Florence and he started his formal education in a local monastery. He was sent to the University of Pisa in 1581. While there, he studied medicine and the philosophy of Aristotle until 1585. During these years at the university, he realized that he never really had any interest in medicine but that he had a talent for math. It was in 1585 that he convinced his father to let him leave the university and come home to Florence. Back in Florence, he spent his time as a tutor and began to doubt the Aristotle’s philosophy. In 1589, he was made professor of mathematics at the University of Pisa where he attended school. His position also required him to teach astronomy based on Ptolemy’s theory that all planets and the sun revolved around the earth. In 1592, he left the University of Pisa and went to the University of Padua to become professor of mathematics. During his time there, he constructed a clumsy thermometer which would have work if he had taken into consideration atmospheric pressure but it still has a significance in history as being one of the first measuring instruments in science. He taught he for 18 years and during that time, became convinced that there was truth in the theory of Nicolaus Copernicus a Polish astronomer who believed that all planets including earth revolved around the sun. While still at Padua, in 1609, he built the first astronomical telescope. When he used it to look at the sky, he easily found that most of Aristotle’s and Ptolemy’s theories were wrong. His most important discovery was when he discovered the four moons of Jupiter in 1610. Later that year Cosimo de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, named Galileo his personal mathematician. This brought him back to Florence once again here he continued his studies in astronomy. Galileo also studied motion, especially that of freely falling objects. While watching swinging lamps in church one day, he noticed that it takes the same time between swings no matter how big or small the arc is. This observation led to his invention of the pendulum clock. He also discovered, before Newton, that two objects of different weights fell at the same speed.

Miles Davis Essay

Jon Davis Perspectives in American Jazz Ben Martinson December 10, 2009 Miles Davis: The Last Pioneer in American Jazz Miles Davis represents the pinnacle of modern American Jazz. He was one of the foremost pioneers in the inventions of cool jazz, hard bop, free jazz, fusion and techno. He was, arguably one of the most influential figures in music, pushing the boundaries of what was commonly known as jazz into new directions that most people thought was impossible. Davis was born on May 26, 1926 in Alton, Illinois to Dr. Miles Henry Davis, a successful dentist, and Cleota Mae Davis. Davis’ interest in music was sparked at the age of 13 when his father bought him a trumpet, and arranged lessons with accomplished local musician Elwood Buchanan. Oddly enough, Buchanan discouraged Davis from using vibrato in his music, which was a characteristic that Davis carried throughout the entirety of his career. Interestingly, his mother, Cleota Mae Davis, played blues piano but kept this facts hidden from her son. Because of his proficiency with the trumpet, he was accepted into the Julliard School of Music to study classical music. Davis quickly realized that the classical form was not for him, and desired a more non-traditional approach. Davis made the decision to drop out of the Julliard School because they were not accepting of his non-traditional approach. Davis focused on imperfect melodies in order to distract the users away from the composition of the music, and to concentrate more on the deeply rooted meanings in the music. Davis stated in an interview, â€Å"It's [music] always been a gift with me, hearing music the way I do. I don't know where it comes from, it's just there and I don't question it,† (Miles Davis Properties). After Davis dropped out of Julliard, he got to experience the greatest privilege that any musician of the time could hope for. He received the chance to play with the band of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie. Davis’ performance was rapidly perfected by the influence of Parker and Gillespie (Miles Davis). He saw his first studio time under Parker and Gillespie with Savoy records in September of 1945. This represented a major change of pace for Davis, because he was now qualified to record as a solo artist. Savoy Records offered to sign him as a band leader, where he soon excelled to the point of starting his own nonet called the â€Å"Miles Davis Nonet. † Davis often came off as arrogant or rude because he demanded absolute perfection in all rehearsals and performances from his band members. These demands may have been rooted in the slaps on the knuckles he received as a child from Buchanan. Davis had rapidly become one of the most famous musicians of the time, and had no intention of slowing down. Davis enjoyed a rapid, lifestyle of fame success, and debauchery. His lifestyle began to catch up with him at the peak of his career when heroine became a severe problem in his life. Heroin addiction was not uncommon for musicians during the 1940s and 1950s. It is speculated that his addiction to heroin may have been influenced by both Parker and Gillespie, the two men that made him into a star (Miles Davis). However, the difference between Davis, Parker, and Gillespie was that Davis rid himself of his addiction to heroin by locking himself into a room until he was completely free of his habit and prepared to perform again. Davis rapidly got back to the world of jazz by performing at the Newport Jazz Festival in July of 1955. This performance was one of his best live shows, and proved to Columbia Records that he was ready to record one of his bestselling albums of all time, Miles Ahead. This album featured legendary collaborations between Gil Evans and Davis. It created the new sound of Miles Davis that moved away from Bebop, and more towards unheard of genres of music. In August of 1959 Davis’ success continued with the release of his most successful album, Kind of Blue. This album went on to earn quadruple-platinum success, and to be the best-selling jazz album of all time. â€Å"It never and entered my mind† is my favorite track by Davis. It is the first track on Davis’ album, Workin’ performed by the Miles Davis Quintet. The track features Davis playing a very cool, relaxed trumpet solo, with a walking scale on bass. The scale is a riff and it repeats the entire song. First and foremost when listen to this piece, I just feel extremely relaxed. The song carries a heavy romantic tone to it that one cannot help but fall in love with. It is very much like most of his early trumpet playing because it lacks vibrato, and is overall an extremely smooth piece. On September 28, 1991, one year after receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, Davis died at the young age of sixty-five from a stroke, pneumonia and respiratory failure. Davis’ music has been, and will continue to be popular and one of the most sought after names in American Jazz. His influence on other genres spans wider than most people realize because of the amount of techniques and styles that he experimented with. No audience is out of reach of Davis’ music because of his uses elements of rock, pop, electronic, jazz and so many more genres. His self-discipline, talent, and love for music have earned him 9 Grammy Awards, including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, a spot in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, stars on the Hollywood and Saint Louis Walks of Fame, and a Knighthood in Paris. These and countless other honors, combined with his record sales are proof of the popularity, influence, and success that Davis will enjoy for years to come in the fields of cool jazz, hard bop, free jazz, fusion and techno. Davis was a stickler for perfection and poured himself into every song he created and performed, and many musicians have him to thank for the success he has brought them. Works Cited Miles Davis Properties, L. â€Å"Miles Davis. † Miles Davis. 9 Nov. 2009 http://www. milesdavis. com/. Miles Davis Quintet. Workin' Rec. 1956. Prestige, 1987. â€Å"Miles Davis. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2009. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 9 Nov. 2009 http://www. rockhall. com/inductee/miles-davis. NPR, Ken Burns, and Columbia/legacy . â€Å"Miles Davis. † 9 Nov. 2009 http://www. pbs. org/jazz/biography/artist_id_davis_miles. htm. Ouellette, Dan. â€Å"Miles Ahead. † Billboard119 (2007): 48-49. Academic Search Elite. EBSCO. Pickler Memorial Library, Kirk sville. 9 Nov. 2009. Keyword: Miles Davis. Paradowski, Robert J. â€Å"It's About That Time: Miles Davis on and Off Record. † (2005). EBSCOhost. Pickler Memorial Library, Kirksville. 9 Nov. 2009. Keyword: Miles Davis.

The Effect Of Liquidity And Capital Structure On Financial...

Effect of Liquidity and Capital Structure on Financial Performance: Evidence from banking Sector. Abstract This research is titled as the impact of liquidity and capital structure on the financial performance of Cement sector firm. Capital structure and liquidity both play a vital role in growth and profitability of the firm. The data of fifteen cement sector firms were randomly analyzed, for the period of 2008 to 2014. The statistical approaches i.e. correlation, fixed effect, random effect and hausman tests were applied. The results indicated that all capital structure variables, i.e. Debt to equity, debt ratio, funded capital ratio and Funded debt ratio has negative relationship with firm financial performance of these selected cement sector firms. The results also indicated that liquidity proxies, i.e. quick ratio and current ratio have significant positive impact on the financial performance of these cement sector firms. On the bases of the findings of this study it is suggested that these firm’s manager should take care of its capital structure proxies as it negatively impact ing its financial performance. On the bases of findings, it is also advised that these managers should further improve the mechanism of liquidity. Keywords: Liquidity, Capital Structure, Financial Performance, Correlation, Fixed and Random INTRODUCTION Background of the stud Liquidity plays a key role in the uplift of a firm. Liquidity is a measure which represents the ability of a firm havingShow MoreRelatedFactors Influencing The Performance Of Bank s Comprehensive Management1292 Words   |  6 Pagescalculate the performance of bank s comprehensive management. Factor analysis method is used to reduce the dimension of the method, named as a multivariate statistical analysis method. It is integrated into a small number of factors, in order to reproduce the original variables and the relationship between the factors, and then each component to a certain weight in order to calculate the comprehensive score. Choosing explained variables: In this paper, the comprehensive performance of the commercialRead MoreThe Structure, Conduct and Recent Performance of the Uk Banking Sector1105 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Before discussing the structure, conduct and recent performance of the UK banking sector, it is useful to provide an insight in the recent global financial crisis caused by the sub-prime mortgage crisis initiated in the US and underline its effects on the banking industry in the UK. It all started with the collapse of the housing bubble in the US, as borrowers were no longer able to meet their financial obligations and as consequence many of these subprime mortgages became default andRead MoreMarketing Plan For Starbucks Corporation814 Words   |  4 PagesCash Flow to Firm approach. And Price Multiple approach is along with those as a verification. Financial Analysis We analyzed Starbucks’ past three years’ financial statements and annual reports. The causes of material changes and effects have been found and can provide us with reasonable explanations. Based on these analyses and along with Management Discussion, we attained a trend for key financial measurements of Starbucks. The trend analyses can definitely support our forecasted data, whichRead MoreVariable Effect Model And Random Impacts Model1380 Words   |  6 Pagesof fixed effect model and random effected model. var(ÃŽ ²)-Var(ÃŽ ²^*) is the difference of covariance matrix inn two results as above. When ÃŽ ²=ÃŽ ²^*, w=0; when ÃŽ ²Ã¢â€°  ÃŽ ²^*, wï ¼Å¾0 Therefore, Hausman test is W~X^2 (k) The k represents number of explanatory variables. If significance level is ÃŽ ±, Wï ¼Å"X_ÃŽ ±^2(k), it is said to choose the random effect model, the other is vice versa. Now referring to our study, The comprehensive performance P is ã€â€"y ã€â€"_it, X_it shows different variables of ownership structure, ÃŽ ¼_it representsRead MoreEssay on Ford Motor Company Analysis1652 Words   |  7 Pagesand net income of $20,213,000,000. Financial data has been gathered from the 2011 annual report and 10-K forms filed with the SEC for further analysis. Appendix A contains these reports and appendix B contains select financial ratios calculated in the analysis. The ratios are divided into six major categories: short-term liquidity, capital structure and solvency, return on invested capital, asset turnover, operating performance and profitability, and financial market measures. All six combine toRead MoreThe Value Of Instruments With Intermediate And Long Maturities1669 Words   |  7 Pagesthe effect of on its net income and net interest income in order to evaluate the input of noninterest income and operating outlays toward the interest rate risk exposure. In particular, a bank with significant fee income should assess the extent to which that fee income is sensitive to rate vicissitudes. From a capital perspective, a bank should consider how intermediate (two years to five years) and long-term (more than five years) positions may affect the bank’s future financial performance. SinceRead MoreThe Importance Of Working Capital For A Business1352 Words   |  6 Pagesworking capital to a business. By definition, in order for a business to conduct its daily operations, such as payment of wages, the purchase of raw materials, it requires funds which are referred to a, working capital which also covers overhead costs. Companies aspire to maintain their cash at a desirable level in order to offset liabilities on maturity and the availability of production materials require by the business to provide customers’ needs indicates the importance of working capital. WorkingRead MoreLiquidity Measures The Financial Situation Of Business862 Words   |  4 PagesClearly, liquidity is different from profitability. It is because liquidity measures the financial situation o f business whereas profitability measures the operating performance. Alexander et al. (2011) denotes that the liquidity ratios are used for short-term insolvency which mean that current assets would be enough to cover current liabilities. Current assets are the assets which can convert into cash within a year, while current liabilities are the immediate payment obligations to another partyRead MoreRatio Analysis On Market Value777 Words   |  4 PagesThe investments are designed to track the performance and the major equity market indices. With the fair market values, equity investments are mainly determined by utilizing the net asset value, which is found within the active market. The return of equity utilizing DuPont System that focuses its attention towards three critical elements. Those three elements consist of the financial condition of the company, the management of assets and capital structure, and the operating management. ReturnRead MoreNet Margin Ratio : Target Ratio1058 Words   |  5 Pageswith the performance that Target has been putting forward and the growth that has occurred over the past three years. Each year there was steady increase in the ratio, until 2016, which had over a 10% increase in ROE. Target is also a front-runner for this ratio as well. Costco is only a few percentage points away from Target, whereas Wal-Mart is in the last spot. Return on Invested Capital The return on invest capital ratio measures a company’s net income in relation to its invested capital (Van Deusen

Essay about Theories that Explain Deviance - 930 Words

Deviance is a behavior, trait, belief, or other characteristic that violates a norm and causes a negative reaction in a group. The definition of deviance varies widely across cultures, time, and situations. Some of the different deviances that our culture encounters is: body modifications, being overweight, exc. I personal have experienced being treated as devein because since high school to now in collage I have had a mohawk off and on. This is nothing to extreme when talking about the world of deviance but none the less it is an experience that has changed my view on how people are judged. When sociologists use the word deviant, they are making a social judgment but never a moral judgment. If a particular behavior is considered†¦show more content†¦The Differential association theory states we learn to be deviant through our relations with deviant people. Labeling theory says that deviance is a consequence of outside decisions, or labels, which equally change the person’s self-concept and change the way others react to the labeled person. Labeling theory is also linked to the impression of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which usually is defined by a label that causes the situation to come true. All of these theories are quite interesting and point different views on deviance and can make you better understand people around you. Stigma is a term that Erving Goffman’s came up with and is defined as a mark of disgrace or infamy; a stain or reproach, as on ones reputation. We have all met or at least have seen someone with a stigma and have noticed that even if it is untrue it becomes true to that person. One strategy analyzed by Goffman that stigmatized individuals use to negotiate everyday interaction is called passing, or concealing the stigmatizing information. Many people have what Goffman called an in-group orientation, where the stigmatized people follow a direction away from mainstream society and towards a new standards that value their groups’ identity. Finally, others choose deviance avowal, a process by which an individual self-identifies as deviant and initiates his or her own labeling process. It is always a good thing to try to change the cultures point of view on stigmatized peopleShow MoreRelatedDeviance Theory Analysis Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesDeviance Theory Analysis - Id entify Deviance for situations and explain Within any given society, individuals are expected to behave and or conduct themselves in a given acceptable manner. However, there are instances when particular individuals act contrary to the set standards and violate the cultural norms. Such acts may include acts of crime, theft, defiance, breaking of rules, and truancy just to mention a few. Deviance could thus be viewed as the intentional or accidental violation of theRead MoreWhat Deviance Is Today s Society Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesWhat defines deviance in today’s society? Is it the abnormal things that people don’t usually do or is it just criminal behavior? Deviance has brought up many questions on what could be defined as it. Deviance is usually shaped by society. It can be defined as the violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law (OpenStax 142). Sociologist want to see why deviance has so many different areas and how it effects a group in a society. For exampleRead MoreWhat Deviance Is Socially Constructed Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1 – Explain what deviance is socially constructed means. Discuss 2 types of positive deviance and 2 types of negative deviance which are socially constructed in the United States. Provide examples of each. Deviance is socially constructed because it is defined and outlined firmly by society’s norms. As a result, a deviant act in one society may not be considered deviant within a different society. Societies define themselves through the shared common values of the individuals and in orderRead MoreWhat Deviance Is Wrong?1654 Words   |  7 Pageswhat deviance was. I am half way through undergrad and criminology and sociology are my majors for crying out loud I should know what deviance is. But could I be anymore wrong. My definition at the beginning of the course was someone who goes against your typical norms. They don’t stick to the status quo. A deviant person relates to criminals who openly break laws, and those who break social norms such as not getting married. Now that we are in the final week of class my definition of deviance hasRead MoreThe Deviance Behind Drunk Driving Essay1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Deviance behind Drunk Driving Many individuals in today’s society wonder what pushes people past a breaking point in which they become involved in actions not accepted by society, such as stripping, prostitution, drug use, alcoholism and more. The reasoning behind this is deviance. Deviance can be either positive (over conforming) or negative (under conforming). When applying the subject of crime to a type of deviance, it falls under the negative category because those who under conform in societyRead MoreDifferential Association Theory Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss three theories, the differential association theory, the labelling theory and the rationale choice theory. The theories will discussed and how they can explain crime will also be discussed, and then a comparison of the theories will be given in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses in explaining youth crime. Theories within criminology try to explain why and how crime occurs. This is done through examining v arious facts that are related to the individual s criminalRead More Social Norms1709 Words   |  7 PagesDeviance is a title that insinuates the violation of social norms in society. This can be described as adjacent to criminal and improper behaviour imposed by the people who break the social norms of a society. Thus, becoming subjective to a label of deviant. Deviants often have punishment bestowed upon them by authoritive figures such as the enforcers of law. There are many universal types of deviance throughout societys over the world such as alcoholism, addiction, mental illness and homosexualityRead MoreYouth Deviance Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesDeviance is defined as the recognized violation of cultural norms. This is an extremely broad definition, and depending on who is explaining it, the above definition can mean a variety of different things. Critically examine the theory of deviance with reference to young people and their membership in deviant subcultures or gang s. Deviance is associated with young people today and is rapidly on the increase within the street and school environment. Young deviants are engaging in gang membershipRead MoreSexual Deviance Is Any Abnormal Sexual Act997 Words   |  4 PagesSexual deviance is any abnormal sexual act, behavior, or fantasy that falls outside of the social norm; however, who determines normal and for how long does that normal apply? Historically, intercourse described penile/vaginal penetration in the â€Å"missionary position† of a man and woman in marriage and was needed for procreation; incidentally, public discussion, display, or exposure met with disgust, disapproval, and rejection. The norm predominantly established through religion rallied againstRead MoreCrime And Deviance1550 Words   |  7 Pagesstudying crimes and deviance, sociologists look to explain what types of behavior are defined as deviant as opposed to criminal, who defines deviant behaviors, why people become deviant, an d how society deals with deviant behavior. Deviance is defined by sociologists are behavior that significantly goes against expected rules and norms. Criminal behavior is behavior that violates the law. Sociology studies groups as opposed to individuals, so when studying crime and deviance, sociologists are looking

A Do Or Die War - 1456 Words

A do or die war later followed that led to the Americans rejecting all British proposals as well as that of the monarchy. One of the American patriots that were part of the revolution known as Thomas Paine published a brochure that was titled â€Å"Common Sense†, which convinced and brought many of the Americans together to disown the monarchy and claim for independence (Gott 123). They claimed that all people should be equal before that law and not those under the monarchy or aristocracy leadership. The British were then led out of Boston later in the same year, but in response they fought their way in by capturing the city of New York. They also tried to capture General Washington and his army who was seen to be on the forefront to lead the†¦show more content†¦The Americans also received great support from the French, who joined the war after the Battle of Saratoga where most British armies were captured. In 1781 a second British army was captured by the American a nd French army at Yorktown (Gott 134-136). After that fight, it was marked as the last major battle between the British and the Americans. The entire revolution period and the battles fought led to the deaths of approximately 7200 Americans and 10,000 others who died from disease exposure as well as unknown numbers dying in captivity. Gott states that peace treaties were later signed between the British and American governments (272). In 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed as the final treaty, which saw to the forming of democratic governments that were in favor of the will of all citizens and treated all of them as equals. What later followed was the birth of a new state, and the U.S. was given the land within the Mississippi region and that of the Great Lakes. Jeffersonian Democracy The Jeffersonian democracy is a term that was given to the third U.S. president who was known as Thomas Jefferson, who ruled in the periods of 1743-1826 (Heidler and Heidler 12). President Jefferson, who was the leader of the Republican Party, was well renowned for his advocating for favorable public education in the U.S. as well as he rallied against the aristocracy rule that was known to be selective among its citizens. Although

Animal Farm free essay sample

Discuss the seven commandments in Animal Farm. How do they change and why? In the dystopian novel, Animal Farm, the animals start a rebellion and create seven commandments that they all have to follow. Old Major, the prize winning boar, created these commandments and discussed them to the animals in his farewell speech. After the animals led the rebellion and took control of the farm, they painted the Seven Commandments up on a wall for all animals to see and read. The Seven Commandments changed later on in the novel, to suit the needs of the selfish pigs. The original Seven Commandments were: 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. (Four legs good, two legs bad) 2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear clothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. Following after this speech, a revolt occurred among the animals against the farm owner, leading to their triumph as the new owners of Manor Farm, which they aptly changed later to Animal Farm. After Old Majors death, the issue of Animal Farm leadership cropped up, and Napoleon and Snowball took it upon themselves to assume the position as new Animal Farm leaders, since pigs are treated as the most intelligent animals in their farm. Napoleon and Snowball began arguing over policies and ideas for the animal farm, and in these conflicts, certain atrocities done to the animal members of the farm began happening, although most of the animals disregarded or ignored those inequalities, all for the sake of having Animal Farm, and for Farmer Jones (the owner of Manor Farm) not to return to the farm again. What follows next in the novel are parallelisms of the life of the working class and ruling class in a society, and how these stratification in the animal society was resolved or ended .

Seminar Topics free essay sample

Although related to cryptography, they are not the same. Steganography’s intent is to hide the existence of the message, while cryptography scrambles a message so that it cannot be understood. Steganography is one of various data hiding techniques, which aims at transmitting a message on a channel where some other kind of information is already being transmitted. This distinguishes Steganography from covert channel techniques, which instead of trying to transmit data between two entities that were unconnected before.The goal of Steganography is to hide messages inside other â€Å"harmless† messages in a way that does not allow any â€Å"enemy† to even detect that there is a second secret message present. The only missing information for the â€Å"enemy† is the short easily exchangeable random number sequence, the secret key, without the secret key, the â€Å"enemy† should not have the slightest chance of even becoming suspicious that on an observed communication channel, hidden communication might take place. We will write a custom essay sample on Seminar Topics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Modern steganography entered the world in 1985 with the advent of the personal computer being applied to classical steganography problems. [4] Development following that was slow, but has since taken off, going by the number of stego programs available: Over 800 digital steganography applications have been identified by the Steganography Analysis and Research Center. [5] Digital steganography techniques include: ? Concealing messages within the lowest bits of noisyimages or sound files. ?Concealing data within encrypted data or within random data. Seminar Topics free essay sample I think that Chief Bromden is really insane. He may not have been insane previous to his admission to the psychiatric hospital but due to the neglect from society and belittling of the hospital, Chief has been turned into a paranoid, insecure and reserved man. 2. I do not believe that McMurphy is in need of psychiatric treatment. During this part of the novel, it is clear that he has behavioural issues but he seems to simply be an intelligent, conning, gambling man. . Because of the frequent hallucinations that Chief undergoes, it is difficult to tell whether what he is saying is the truth or not. In my opinion, I believe we can take his word for some things but not all. 4. I suppose that Hardings problem is strictly with women. He states that everyone in the ward is a rabbit in a world ruled by wolves. They are in the hospital because they are unable to accept their roles as rabbits. We will write a custom essay sample on Seminar Topics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nurse Ratched is one of the wolves, and she is there to train them to accept their rabbit roles. 5. Her large breasts emit both sexuality and emphasize her role as a twisted mother figure for the ward. She is able to act as the angel of mercy while at the same time shaming her patients into submission. 6. The female characters can be divided into ball-cutters and whores which have been represented by Nurse Ratched, Hardings wife, Billys mother and Chief Bromdens mother. 7. So many school boards have banned this book because there was complaints that the book was pornographic, glorifies criminal activity, has a tendency to corrupt juveniles and contains descriptions of bestiality, bizarre violence and torture, dismemberment, death and human elimination, and that the book promotes secular humanism. 8. I believe the central character can be debated upon whether it is Chief Bromden or McMurphy. Chief is the narrator and describes a lot of events that happen to him but also about how McMurphy is changing everything and all the events that surround him. After researching some of the events that occurred in the 1950s, I believe that the treatment was outrageous. They used lobotomies and electro-shock therapy as we learned in the novel but they also forced patients into ice baths and forced them to sleep in wooden cribs stacked three patients high. Today, it is supposed that they take care of the patients a lot better with certain medications and proper hygienic care. 10. I believe that the attendants are portrayed in a racist fashion because of the era that this ook was written and that the blacks were seen as less important. 11. I believe that Chief pretends to be deaf and dumb because it makes him able to be distinct from the world while interacting with it on the terms he finds acceptable. It could also be a defence mechanism, seeing as he is so tall and large. 12. Nurse Ratched controls the patients by manipulating and emasculating them. She uses her strategic use of shame and guilt as well as determination to divide and conquer her patients.